History of Machine Tools – Modern machine tools began in 1775, when an English inventor named John Wilkinson made a horizontal drilling machine to machine inner cylindrical surfaces. Around 1794, Henry Maudslay made the first lathe. After that, Joseph Withworth accelerated the use of Wilkinson and Maudslay machine tools by creating a measuring instrument that had an accuracy of one millionth of an inch in 1830. This discovery was very valuable, because at that time accurate measurement methods were needed for mass production of capable machine components. exchange ( interchangeable parts ).
The aim of making interchangeable components initially appeared in Europe and the USA at the same time. The mass production system was actually only implemented in 1798, designed by Whitney. At that time he received a work contract with the United States government to produce 10,000 war rifles, with all components interchangeable.
During the 19th century, standard machine tools such as lathes, scrapers, planers, grinders, saws, millers, drills, drills had quite high precision, and were used when industrialization in the United States and Europe began. During the 20th century, machine tools developed and became increasingly accurate in their production capabilities. After 1920 machine tools became more specialized in their use. From 1930 to 1950 machine tools with greater power and rigidity were made to make their use more effective along with the availability of cutting tool materials.
Over the last three decades, engineers have created machine tools that have very high capability and precision using computer control. This allows the production process to be very economical.
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